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Tìm hiểu về Broadcast Receiver trong Android

Tìm hiểu về Broadcast Receiver trong Android

Android 0 25/05/2024

Broadcast Receiver trong Android nhằm để lắng nghe những sự kiện, trạng thái thay đổi của hệ thống chẳng hạn như có tin nhắn được gởi đến, có cuộc gọi đến, trạng thái của pin, trạng thái kết nối mạng…

Khi bạn cần xử lý những công việc mà phải phụ thuộc vào hệ thống chẳng hạn như tự động trả lời tin nhắn hoặc cuộc gọi, theo dõi tình trạng pin của thiết bị… thì nên sử dụng Broadcast Receiver.

1. Tìm hiểu về Broadcast Receiver trong Android

Dưới đây sẽ liệt kê danh sách những sự kiện hệ thống:

android.app.action.ACTION_PASSWORD_CHANGED
android.app.action.ACTION_PASSWORD_EXPIRING
android.app.action.ACTION_PASSWORD_FAILED
android.app.action.ACTION_PASSWORD_SUCCEEDED
android.app.action.DEVICE_ADMIN_DISABLED
android.app.action.DEVICE_ADMIN_DISABLE_REQUESTED
android.app.action.DEVICE_ADMIN_ENABLED
android.app.action.DEVICE_OWNER_CHANGED
android.app.action.INTERRUPTION_FILTER_CHANGED
android.app.action.LOCK_TASK_ENTERING
android.app.action.LOCK_TASK_EXITING
android.app.action.NEXT_ALARM_CLOCK_CHANGED
android.app.action.NOTIFICATION_POLICY_ACCESS_GRANTED_CHANGED
android.app.action.NOTIFICATION_POLICY_CHANGED
android.app.action.PROFILE_PROVISIONING_COMPLETE
android.app.action.SYSTEM_UPDATE_POLICY_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.a2dp.profile.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.a2dp.profile.action.PLAYING_STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.adapter.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.adapter.action.DISCOVERY_FINISHED
android.bluetooth.adapter.action.DISCOVERY_STARTED
android.bluetooth.adapter.action.LOCAL_NAME_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.adapter.action.SCAN_MODE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.adapter.action.STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED
android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED
android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED
android.bluetooth.device.action.BOND_STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.device.action.CLASS_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.device.action.FOUND
android.bluetooth.device.action.NAME_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.device.action.PAIRING_REQUEST
android.bluetooth.device.action.UUID
android.bluetooth.devicepicker.action.DEVICE_SELECTED
android.bluetooth.devicepicker.action.LAUNCH
android.bluetooth.headset.action.VENDOR_SPECIFIC_HEADSET_EVENT
android.bluetooth.headset.profile.action.AUDIO_STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.headset.profile.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.input.profile.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED
android.bluetooth.pan.profile.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED
android.hardware.action.NEW_PICTURE
android.hardware.action.NEW_VIDEO
android.hardware.hdmi.action.OSD_MESSAGE
android.hardware.input.action.QUERY_KEYBOARD_LAYOUTS
android.intent.action.ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED
android.intent.action.ACTION_POWER_DISCONNECTED
android.intent.action.ACTION_SHUTDOWN
android.intent.action.AIRPLANE_MODE
android.intent.action.APPLICATION_RESTRICTIONS_CHANGED
android.intent.action.BADGE_COUNT_UPDATE
android.intent.action.BATTERY_CHANGED
android.intent.action.BATTERY_LOW
android.intent.action.BATTERY_OKAY
android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED
android.intent.action.CAMERA_BUTTON
android.intent.action.CONFIGURATION_CHANGED
android.intent.action.CONTENT_CHANGED
android.intent.action.DATA_SMS_RECEIVED
android.intent.action.DATE_CHANGED
android.intent.action.DEVICE_STORAGE_LOW
android.intent.action.DEVICE_STORAGE_OK
android.intent.action.DOCK_EVENT
android.intent.action.DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE
android.intent.action.DOWNLOAD_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED
android.intent.action.DREAMING_STARTED
android.intent.action.DREAMING_STOPPED
android.intent.action.EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_AVAILABLE
android.intent.action.EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_UNAVAILABLE
android.intent.action.FETCH_VOICEMAIL
android.intent.action.GTALK_CONNECTED
android.intent.action.GTALK_DISCONNECTED
android.intent.action.HEADSET_PLUG
android.intent.action.HEADSET_PLUG
android.intent.action.INPUT_METHOD_CHANGED
android.intent.action.LOCALE_CHANGED
android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED
android.intent.action.MANAGE_PACKAGE_STORAGE
android.intent.action.MEDIA_BAD_REMOVAL
android.intent.action.MEDIA_BUTTON
android.intent.action.MEDIA_CHECKING
android.intent.action.MEDIA_EJECT
android.intent.action.MEDIA_MOUNTED
android.intent.action.MEDIA_NOFS
android.intent.action.MEDIA_REMOVED
android.intent.action.MEDIA_SCANNER_FINISHED
android.intent.action.MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE
android.intent.action.MEDIA_SCANNER_STARTED
android.intent.action.MEDIA_SHARED
android.intent.action.MEDIA_UNMOUNTABLE
android.intent.action.MEDIA_UNMOUNTED
android.intent.action.MY_PACKAGE_REPLACED
android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL
android.intent.action.NEW_VOICEMAIL
android.intent.action.PACKAGES_SUSPENDED
android.intent.action.PACKAGES_UNSUSPENDED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_CHANGED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_DATA_CLEARED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_FIRST_LAUNCH
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_FULLY_REMOVED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_INSTALL
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_NEEDS_VERIFICATION
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REMOVED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REPLACED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_RESTARTED
android.intent.action.PACKAGE_VERIFIED
android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE
android.intent.action.PROVIDER_CHANGED
android.intent.action.PROXY_CHANGE
android.intent.action.REBOOT
android.intent.action.SCREEN_OFF
android.intent.action.SCREEN_ON
android.intent.action.SYNC_VOICEMAIL
android.intent.action.TIMEZONE_CHANGED
android.intent.action.TIME_SET
android.intent.action.TIME_TICK
android.intent.action.UID_REMOVED
android.intent.action.USER_PRESENT
android.intent.action.USER_UNLOCKED
android.intent.action.WALLPAPER_CHANGED
android.media.ACTION_SCO_AUDIO_STATE_UPDATED
android.media.AUDIO_BECOMING_NOISY
android.media.RINGER_MODE_CHANGED
android.media.SCO_AUDIO_STATE_CHANGED
android.media.VIBRATE_SETTING_CHANGED
android.media.action.CLOSE_AUDIO_EFFECT_CONTROL_SESSION
android.media.action.HDMI_AUDIO_PLUG
android.media.action.OPEN_AUDIO_EFFECT_CONTROL_SESSION
android.net.conn.BACKGROUND_DATA_SETTING_CHANGED
android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE
android.net.conn.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED
android.net.nsd.STATE_CHANGED
android.net.scoring.SCORER_CHANGED
android.net.scoring.SCORE_NETWORKS
android.net.wifi.NETWORK_IDS_CHANGED
android.net.wifi.RSSI_CHANGED
android.net.wifi.SCAN_RESULTS
android.net.wifi.STATE_CHANGE
android.net.wifi.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED
android.net.wifi.p2p.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGE
android.net.wifi.p2p.DISCOVERY_STATE_CHANGE
android.net.wifi.p2p.PEERS_CHANGED
android.net.wifi.p2p.STATE_CHANGED
android.net.wifi.p2p.THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED
android.net.wifi.supplicant.CONNECTION_CHANGE
android.net.wifi.supplicant.STATE_CHANGE
android.nfc.action.ADAPTER_STATE_CHANGED
android.os.action.DEVICE_IDLE_MODE_CHANGED
android.os.action.POWER_SAVE_MODE_CHANGED
android.provider.Telephony.SIM_FULL
android.provider.Telephony.SMS_CB_RECEIVED
android.provider.Telephony.SMS_DELIVER
android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED
android.provider.Telephony.SMS_REJECTED
android.provider.Telephony.SMS_SERVICE_CATEGORY_PROGRAM_DATA_RECEIVED
android.provider.Telephony.WAP_PUSH_DELIVER
android.provider.Telephony.WAP_PUSH_RECEIVED
android.provider.action.DEFAULT_SMS_PACKAGE_CHANGED
android.provider.action.EXTERNAL_PROVIDER_CHANGE
android.speech.tts.TTS_QUEUE_PROCESSING_COMPLETED
android.speech.tts.engine.TTS_DATA_INSTALLED

2. Khởi tạo Broadcast Receiver trong Android

Để đăng ký một sự kiện lắng nghe với Broadcast Receiver thì có 2 cách là:

  • Đăng ký trong AndroidManifest.xml
  • Đăng ký bằng đoạn mã Java

Khởi tạo Broadcast Receiver đầu tiên cần khai báo Broadcast Receiver trong tập tin AndroidManifest.xml như sau:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   package="com.teamvietdev.androidbasicbroadcastreceiver">

   <application
      android:allowBackup="true"
      android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
      android:label="@string/app_name"
      android:supportsRtl="true"
      android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
		
      <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
         <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
         </intent-filter>
      </activity>
   
      <receiver android:name=".MyReceiver">
         <intent-filter>
              <action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE" />
         </intent-filter>
      </receiver>

   </application>

</manifest>

Sau đó tạo lớp kế thừa từ lớp BroadcastReceiver để lắng nghe sau đó xử lý các sự kiện:

package com.teamvietdev.androidbasicbroadcastreceiver;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
    
     @Override
     public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
          ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

          NetworkInfo activeNetwork = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
          boolean isConnected = activeNetwork != null && activeNetwork.isConnectedOrConnecting();
          if (isConnected) {
               try {
                    Toast.makeText(context, "Network is connected", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
               } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
               }
          } else {
               Toast.makeText(context, "Network is changed or reconnected", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
          }
     }

}

Lời kết: Cám ơn bạn đã theo dõi bài viết tìm hiểu về Broadcast Receiver trong Android, ngoài ra các bạn có thể xem thêm các nội dung khác trong chuyên mục lập trình Android được chia sẻ với Team Việt Dev.

(Tác giả: Team Việt Dev)

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